HTTP与HTTPS灵活转换请求
前言:在工作中我们可能不一定只用到https和http,有时候可能两者都会用到,那我们发送了一个连接的时候呢,我们如何灵活的转换两者的请求呢,此时我们的一个思路就是,首先是将请求的port修改,比如讲http://修改为了https://,第二部就是要讲https设置为无证书请求方式,这个地方我们用到了apache给我们提供的类进行转换,很好用的哦~~~
Maven管理
org.apache.httpcomponents httpclient 4.3.4 org.apache.httpcomponents httpasyncclient 4.0.2 commons-httpclient commons-httpclient 3.1
转换类实现
package com.lives.platform.common.util;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.security.KeyManagementException;import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;import java.security.cert.CertificateException;import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpStatus;import org.apache.http.Header;import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;import org.apache.http.config.Registry;import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;import org.apache.http.impl.conn.BasicHttpClientConnectionManager;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import org.apache.log4j.Logger;public class HttpClientUtils { private static final String HTTPS_PROTOCOL = "https://"; private static final int HTTPS_PROTOCOL_DEFAULT_PORT = 443; /** * 默认编码格式 */ private static final String DEFAULT_CHARSET = "UTF-8"; private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpClientUtils.class); private static int getPort(String url) { int startIndex = url.indexOf("://") + "://".length(); String host = url.substring(startIndex); if (host.indexOf("/") != -1) { host = host.substring(0, host.indexOf("/")); } int port = HTTPS_PROTOCOL_DEFAULT_PORT; if (host.contains(":")) { int i = host.indexOf(":"); port = new Integer(host.substring(i + 1)); } return port; } private static List geneNameValPairs( Map params) { List pairs = new ArrayList (); if (params == null) { return pairs; } for (String name : params.keySet()) { if (params.get(name) == null) { continue; } pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(name, params.get(name).toString())); } return pairs; } /** * 发送GET请求 * @param url 请求地址 * @param charset 返回数据编码 * @return 返回数据 */ public static String sendGetReq(final String url, String charset) { if (null == charset) charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET; CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build(); HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url); if (url.toLowerCase().startsWith(HTTPS_PROTOCOL)) { initSSL(httpClient, getPort(url)); } try { // 提交请求并以指定编码获取返回数据 HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(get); int statuscode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if ((statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY) || (statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY) || (statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_SEE_OTHER) || (statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT)) { Header header = httpResponse.getFirstHeader("location"); if (header != null) { String newuri = header.getValue(); if ((newuri == null) || (newuri.equals(""))) newuri = "/"; try { httpClient.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); httpClient = null; } logger.info("重定向地址：" + newuri); return sendGetReq(newuri, null); } } logger.info("请求地址：" + url + "；响应状态：" + httpResponse.getStatusLine()); HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity(); return EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { logger.error("协议异常,堆栈信息如下", e); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("网络异常,堆栈信息如下", e); } finally { // 关闭连接，释放资源 try { httpClient.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); httpClient = null; } } return null; } /** * 发送put请求 * @param url 请求地址 * @param params 请求参数 * @param charset 返回数据编码 * @return */ public static String sendPutReq(String url, Map params, String charset) { if (null == charset) charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET; CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build(); HttpPut put = new HttpPut(url); // 封装请求参数 List pairs = geneNameValPairs(params); try { put.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, charset)); if (url.startsWith(HTTPS_PROTOCOL)) { initSSL(httpClient, getPort(url)); } // 提交请求并以指定编码获取返回数据 HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(put); logger.info("请求地址：" + url + "；响应状态：" + httpResponse.getStatusLine()); HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity(); return EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { logger.error("协议异常,堆栈信息如下", e); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("网络异常,堆栈信息如下", e); } finally { // 关闭连接，释放资源 try { httpClient.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); httpClient = null; } } return null; } /** * 发送delete请求 * @param url 请求地址 * @param charset 返回数据编码 * @return */ public static String sendDelReq(String url, String charset) { if (null == charset) charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET; CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build(); HttpDelete del = new HttpDelete(url); if (url.toLowerCase().startsWith(HTTPS_PROTOCOL)) { initSSL(httpClient, getPort(url)); } try { // 提交请求并以指定编码获取返回数据 HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(del); logger.info("请求地址：" + url + "；响应状态：" + httpResponse.getStatusLine()); HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity(); return EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { logger.error("协议异常,堆栈信息如下", e); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("网络异常,堆栈信息如下", e); } finally { // 关闭连接，释放资源 try { httpClient.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); httpClient = null; } } return null; } /** * 发送POST请求，支持HTTP与HTTPS * @param url 请求地址 * @param params 请求参数 * @param charset 返回数据编码 * @return 返回数据 */ public static String sendPostReq(String url, Map params, String charset) { if (null == charset) charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET; CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build(); RequestConfig reqConf = RequestConfig.DEFAULT; HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); // 封装请求参数 List pairs = geneNameValPairs(params); try { httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, charset)); // 对HTTPS请求进行处理 if (url.toLowerCase().startsWith(HTTPS_PROTOCOL)) { initSSL(httpClient, getPort(url)); } // 提交请求并以指定编码获取返回数据 httpPost.setConfig(reqConf); HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost); int statuscode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if ((statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY) || (statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY) || (statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_SEE_OTHER) || (statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT)) { Header header = httpResponse.getFirstHeader("location"); if (header != null) { String newuri = header.getValue(); if ((newuri == null) || (newuri.equals(""))) newuri = "/"; try { httpClient.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); httpClient = null; } return sendGetReq(newuri, null); } } logger.info("请求地址：" + url + "；响应状态：" + httpResponse.getStatusLine()); HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity(); return EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { logger.error("不支持当前参数编码格式[" + charset + "],堆栈信息如下", e); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { logger.error("协议异常,堆栈信息如下", e); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("网络异常,堆栈信息如下", e); } finally { // 关闭连接，释放资源 try { httpClient.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); httpClient = null; } } return null; } /** * 发送POST请求，支持HTTP与HTTPS, 参数放入请求体方式 * @param url 请求地址 * @param params 请求参数 * @param charset 返回数据编码 * @return 返回数据 */ public static String sendPost(String url, String content, String charset) { if (null == charset) charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET; CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build(); RequestConfig reqConf = RequestConfig.DEFAULT; HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); try { httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(content, charset)); // 对HTTPS请求进行处理 if (url.toLowerCase().startsWith(HTTPS_PROTOCOL)) { initSSL(httpClient, getPort(url)); } // 提交请求并以指定编码获取返回数据 httpPost.setConfig(reqConf); HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost); int statuscode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if ((statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY) || (statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY) || (statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_SEE_OTHER) || (statuscode == HttpStatus.SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT)) { Header header = httpResponse.getFirstHeader("location"); if (header != null) { String newuri = header.getValue(); if ((newuri == null) || (newuri.equals(""))) newuri = "/"; try { httpClient.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); httpClient = null; } return sendGetReq(newuri, null); } } logger.info("请求地址：" + url + "；响应状态：" + httpResponse.getStatusLine()); HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity(); return EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { logger.error("不支持当前参数编码格式[" + charset + "],堆栈信息如下", e); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { logger.error("协议异常,堆栈信息如下", e); } catch (IOException e) { logger.error("网络异常,堆栈信息如下", e); } finally { // 关闭连接，释放资源 try { httpClient.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); httpClient = null; } } return null; } /** * 初始化HTTPS请求服务 * @param httpClient HTTP客户端 */ public static void initSSL(CloseableHttpClient httpClient, int port) { SSLContext sslContext = null; try { sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL"); final X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() { public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException { } public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException { } public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } }; // 使用TrustManager来初始化该上下文,TrustManager只是被SSL的Socket所使用 sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { trustManager }, null); ConnectionSocketFactory ssf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext); Registry r = RegistryBuilder. create().register("https", ssf).build(); BasicHttpClientConnectionManager ccm = new BasicHttpClientConnectionManager(r); HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(ccm).build(); } catch (KeyManagementException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }}